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Meren äänet; Sounds of the Sea

Meren äänet; Sounds of the Sea © EP 2021

Finska, 1998.

Litografija, 117 x 76 cm

potpisano (na margini)

Kupljeno 1999. preko Galleria G (Helsinki)


Tapani Mikkonen jedan je od najistaknutijih finskih majstora grafike. Studirao je na Visokoj školi za likovnu umjetnost Orivesi (1973. – 1979.), zatim na Umjetničkoj školi u Lahtiju (1974. – 1977.) i naposljetku pohađao Sveučilište za umjetnost i dizajn u Helsinkiju (1978. – 1979.). Mikkonen, koji se općenito smatra pionirom grafike, uveo je monumentalnost i dostupnost grafičkim praksama u svojoj rodnoj zemlji. Njegovi su utjecaji brojni i raznoliki: aludira na vizualne kulture mnoštva nacija, među kojima su Japan, Španjolska i zapadnoafrička regija. Cvjetni i ukrasni motivi mogu se identificirati kao njegove tipične teme, premda je istraživao i čistu apstrakciju te primitivne ili arhaične trope. Meren äänet dijeli Paimenovu tehničku strukturu i može se protumačiti kao atmosferična superpozicija. Zakrivljene linije oponašaju kretanje mora, sferičnost valova te materijaliziraju zvukove spomenute u naslovu. Ovdje je manje riječ o atmosferi nego o vizualiziranoj buci koja prekriva izvor nadahnuća.
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01PE19992202063

Meren äänet; Sounds of the Sea

Tapani MIKKONEN

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  • 1989.

    Fall of the Berlin Wall

    After weeks of civil unrest, the East German authorities open the crossing of the Berlin Wall in an act that symbolises the end of communist rule in Eastern Europe.


    Enrique Barón Crespo

    Enrique Barón Crespo served as President of the European Parliament from 1989 to 1992.


    3rd European elections

    In the third elections for the European Parliament a total of 518 MEPs from 12 countries are elected. The Socialists get more seats than anyone else (about 35%).

  • 1990.

    Reunification of Germany

    East Germany is reunified with the Federal Republic of Germany. Parliament welcomes 18 non-voting observers to represent the new German provinces until elections in 1994.


    2nd round of acquisitions

    Continuation of the 2nd round of acquisitions: Belgium, Denmark, Germany and Greece.

  • 1991.

    Wars in former Yugoslavia

    Slovenia and Croatia declare independence from Yugoslavia. Tensions between the nations that have been part of the collapsing federation lead to violent wars for much of the following decade despite peace-making efforts by Western powers.


    2nd round of acquisitions

    Continuation of the 2nd round of acquisitions: Greece and France.

  • 1992.

    Egon A. Klepsch

    Egon A. Klepsch served as President of the European Parliament from 1992 to 1994.


    2nd round of acquisitions

    Continuation of the 2nd round of acquisitions: Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands.

  • 1993.

    Maastricht Treaty

    The Maastricht Treaty paves the way for the creation of the European Union and the euro. It introduces the codecision procedure giving Parliament an equal say with the Council in some areas of legislation and gives Parliament the power to approve the Commission as a whole.


    Continuation of the 2nd round of acquisitions: the Netherlands and the United Kingdom.

  • 1994.

    Klaus Hänsch

    Klaus Hänsch served as served as President of the European Parliament from 1994 to 1997.


    1994 European elections

    European elections are held for the fourth time. A total of 567 members of the European Parliament from 12 countries are elected with the Socialists forming the largest group (35%) ahead of the centre-right EPP (28%).

  • 1995.

    Enlargement

    Austria, Finland and Sweden join the EU bringing the number of member states to 15.

  • 1997.

    José María Gil-Robles

    José María Gil-Robles served as President of the European Parliament from 1997 to 1999.


    Signature of Amsterdam Treaty

    Signing of the Amsterdam Treaty. The Treaties establishing the European Communities and a few related acts were signed in the presence of the President of the European Parliament, José María Gil-Robles.

  • 1998.

    Belfast Agreement

    The signing of the ‘Good Friday’ or ‘Belfast Agreement’ between the Irish and the British governments led to the end of 30 years of conflict in Northern Ireland.

  • 1999.

    1999 European elections

    Voters from 15 EU countries go to the polls to elect 626 MEPs. The centre-right EPP-ED becomes the largest political group for the first time.


    Nicole Fontaine

    Nicole Fontaine served as President of the European Parliament from 1999 to 2002.


    EURO

    The euro was introduced to world financial markets as an accounting currency on 1 January 1999, replacing the former European Currency Unit (ECU).


    Amsterdam Treaty

    The Amsterdam treaty simplifies and broadens the application of the codecision lawmaking procedure. Parliament gets the right to approve the Commission president.

  • 2000.

    Charter of Fundamental Rights

    The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU is solemnly proclaimed after having been drafted by a European convention with the active involvement of MEPs.

    Article 13.
    Freedom of the arts and sciences. The arts and scientific research shall be free of constraint. Academic freedom shall be respected.

    Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (2000/C 364/01)


    Acquisition programme

    3rd round of acquisitions with Austria, Finland and Sweden.

  • 2001.

    National parliaments exhibiton in Brussels and Strasbourg. This exhibition was created at the initiative of President Gil Robles and was officially opened on 17 December 2001 by the then President Nicole Fontaine. It consists of works of art donated or loaned by 15 national parliaments.

  • 2002.

    Pat Cox

    Pat Cox served as President of the European Parliament from 2002 to 2004.


    Euro is launched

    Euro notes and coins come into circulation – a crucial stage in the construction of an economic and monetary union in Europe.

  • 2003.

    Treaty of Nice

    The Treaty of Nice reforms EU institutions to allow for the EU enlargement to Eastern Europe. It further extends the application of codecision.

  • 2004.

    2004 European elections

    Elections for the European parliament take place in 25 member states. The centre-right EPP-ED win 37% of the 736 seats.


    Josep Borrell

    Josep Borrell served as President of the European Parliament from 2004 to 2007.


    Eastern enlargement

    Ten countries, mostly from Eastern Europe, join the EU in the largest enlargement so far: Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia.

  • 2007.

    Hans-Gert Pöttering

    Hans-Gert Pöttering served as President of the European Parliament from 2007 to 2009.


    Acquisition programme

    Acquisition programme of works of art from Cyprus, Czechia and Estonia following the Bureau decision from 13 December 2006


    Enlargement: Bulgaria, Romania

    Bulgaria and Romania join the EU.

  • 2008.

    Acquisition programme of works of art from Hungary and Latvia following the Bureau decision from 13 December 2006.

  • 2009.

    2009 European elections

    In the seventh European elections voters from 27 countries elect 736 MEPs. The centre-right EPP retains its majority, taking about 36% of the seats, followed by the Socialists and Democrats with 25% and Liberals with 11%.


    Jerzy Buzek

    Jerzy Buzek served as President of the European Parliament from 2009 to 2012.


    Acquisition programme

    Acquisition programme of works of art from Poland and Lithuania following the Bureau decision from 13 December 2006


    Lisbon Treaty

    The Treaty of Lisbon completes the institutional reform of the EU and makes the Charter of Fundamental rights legally binding. The Parliament is put on an equal decision-making footing with EU governments in all but a few legal areas.